Calculate key ratios from your financial statements

Calculate the key financial ratios from the statements below and explain what they show, for {{reader}}. The goal is a clear picture of profitability, the ability to pay bills, and how fast cash comes in and goes out, with every number traceable to the statements.

Profit and loss statement, with the period it covers:
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{{income_statement}}
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Balance sheet, with its date, and the prior one if available:
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{{balance_sheet}}
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Targets, past results or loan covenants to compare against: {{benchmarks}}

Calculate these where the statements allow, each with its formula and the figures used:
- Gross margin and net margin.
- Current ratio, and quick ratio ((current assets minus inventory) / current liabilities).
- Days sales outstanding (receivables / revenue x days in the period) and days payable outstanding (payables / cost of sales x days in the period). Use end-of-period balances, or the average of opening and closing balances when both are given, and say which.
- Debt to equity (total liabilities / equity, unless a covenant defines debt differently; say which), and interest cover (operating profit / interest).
- Change from the prior period, where both periods are given.

Format:
1. A table with the columns Ratio, Formula, Figures used, Result, Compared with.
2. What the numbers say: up to 6 bullets in plain words, each tied to a ratio, for example "Customers are taking about 52 days to pay, against 30-day terms."
3. Questions to look into: up to 4.

Rules:
- Use only the figures given. Compare only against the targets or covenants above; do not quote industry averages, because none are given here and remembered ones are often wrong.
- If the profit and loss covers less than a year, use the actual number of days in the period and say so.
- Do not give investment, lending or tax advice, and do not give an overall verdict on the business. Say which questions an accountant should answer.

Keep it under 450 words outside the table. If a line is ambiguous but has only two possible readings (for example, whether a loan is due within a year), show the ratio under each reading and whether the comparison holds either way. If a figure needed for a ratio is missing, write "cannot calculate" with the reason instead of estimating.